Derm's Dexamethasone sol. for inj. ampoules 1.0 ml #10
Manufacturer: Anhui Chengshi Pharmaceutical, China
Composition: dexamethasone 4.0 mg/ml
What is the active ingredient in Derm's Dexamethasone Injection?
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate, equivalent to 4 mg of dexamethasone phosphate per 1 ml ampoule.
What is the dosage form and strength of this medication?
Dexamethasone Injection is a clear, colorless solution presented in 1 ml glass ampoules. The strength is 4 mg/1 ml for intramuscular or intravenous administration.
What is the mechanism of action of dexamethasone phosphate?
Dexamethasone phosphate is a glucocorticoid. It acts by forming a complex with receptor proteins, moving to the nucleus, and binding to chromatin to influence RNA transcription. This controls the rate of protein synthesis.
What are the primary indications for using dexamethasone phosphate?
Dexamethasone phosphate is used for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, particularly in shorter, intensive treatment periods.
What are the contraindications for using this medication?
Dexamethasone phosphate is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to corticosteroids, tuberculosis, psychoses, severe psychoneuroses, acute infection, peptic ulcer, osteoporosis, and during pregnancy and lactation.
What are the warnings and precautions associated with dexamethasone phosphate?
Dexamethasone Injection should not be administered intrathecally or subconjunctivally. It should be used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, epilepsy, glaucoma, ocular herpes simplex, infectious diseases, chronic renal failure, uraemia, and in elderly patients. Toxic effects can occur with withdrawal, continued use, or large doses.
What is the typical adult dosage range for dexamethasone phosphate?
The usual adult dosage range is 0.5 to 20 mg daily, depending on the severity of the condition.
How can dexamethasone phosphate be administered?
Dexamethasone phosphate can be administered intravenously (slowly), intramuscularly, intra-articularly, intralesionally, or by soft tissue injection.
What specific dosage and administration instructions are provided for treating cerebral edema caused by malignancy?
For cerebral edema caused by malignancy, an initial intravenous dose of 10 mg is typically given, followed by 4 mg intramuscularly every 6 hours. Response is usually seen after 12-24 hours, and the dosage may be reduced after 2-4 days.
What are the potential side effects of dexamethasone phosphate?
Potential side effects include edema, hypertension, hypokalaemia, increased appetite, delayed wound healing, increased susceptibility to infections, growth retardation, Cushing's syndrome, amenorrhoea, hyperhidrosis, skin thinning, ocular changes, mental and neurological disturbances, intracranial hypertension, acute adrenal insufficiency, and thrombo-embolic complications.
What are the symptoms of overdose and how is it treated?
Symptoms of overdose include those listed in the "Side Effects and Special Precautions" section. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
How is Derm's Dexamethasone Injection presented and stored?
Derm's Dexamethasone Injection is presented in 10 ampoules per blister, with 1, 5, or 10 blisters per container. It should be stored below 30°C and protected from light.