Okolins powder for injection and infusion #1
Manufacturer: Reyoung Pharmaceutical, China
Composition: cefuroxime 750.0 mg
What is Okolins and what is it used for?
Okolins is a brand name for Cefuroxime Sodium, a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is used to treat various bacterial infections including soft-tissue, bone and joint infections, respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, surgical infections (prophylaxis), gonorrhea, meningitis, otitis media, peritonitis, pharyngitis, and sinusitis.
What is the active ingredient in Okolins?
The active ingredient in Okolins is Cefuroxime (as Sodium), present at a concentration of 750 mg per vial.
How does Okolins work?
Cefuroxime inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell death. It is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
How does Cefuroxime compare to first-generation cephalosporins in its activity against gram-positive cocci?
Cefuroxime has similar or less activity against gram-positive cocci compared to first-generation cephalosporins.
How is Cefuroxime resistant to beta-lactamases produced in the gastrointestinal tract?
Cefuroxime is relatively resistant to beta-lactamases produced in the gastrointestinal tract, which allows it to maintain its effectiveness against bacteria that produce these enzymes.
How is Cefuroxime absorbed into the body?
Cefuroxime is absorbed rapidly from the gastrointestinal tract and its absorption is enhanced in the presence of food.
What is the peak plasma concentration of Cefuroxime after an intramuscular dose?
Peak plasma concentrations of approximately 27 mcg/mL are achieved 45 minutes after an intramuscular dose.
How much of Cefuroxime is bound to plasma proteins?
Up to 50% of Cefuroxime in the circulation is bound to plasma proteins.
What is the plasma half-life of Cefuroxime?
The plasma half-life of Cefuroxime is approximately 70 minutes.
How does renal impairment affect the plasma half-life of Cefuroxime?
The plasma half-life of Cefuroxime is prolonged in patients with renal impairment.
How is Cefuroxime excreted from the body?
Cefuroxime is excreted unchanged by glomerular filtration and renal tubular secretion, resulting in high concentrations in the urine.
What is the usual adult dose of Okolins?
The usual adult dose is 750 mg given twice daily when creatinine clearance is between 10 mL and 20 mL/minute, and once daily when it is below 10 mL/minute.
What are the dosage recommendations for more severe infections?
In more severe infections, 1.5 g of Cefuroxime may be given intravenously every 6 to 8 hours.
What is the recommended dosage for infants and children?
Infants and children can be given 30 to 60 mg/kg daily, which can be increased to 100 mg/kg daily. This total daily dose can be administered in 2 or 3 divided doses.
What is the recommended dosage for meningitis?
For meningitis, doses of 3 g every 8 hours are recommended.
What is the recommended dosage for infants and children with meningitis?
Infants and children with meningitis are given 200 to 240 mg/kg daily intravenously in 3 to 4 divided doses. After 3 days, the dosage can be decreased to 100 mg/kg daily for neonates.
What is the recommended dosage for gonorrhea?
A single dose of 1.5 g intravenously, divided between 2 injection sites, has been suggested for gonorrhea.
What is the recommended dosage for uncomplicated gonorrhea?
A single 1 g oral dose has been given for uncomplicated gonorrhea.
What is the recommended dosage for surgical infection prophylaxis?
For surgical infection prophylaxis, the usual dose is 1.5 g of Cefuroxime intravenously prior to the procedure, followed by 750 mg intravenously or intramuscularly every 8 hours for up to 24 to 48 hours.
What are the most common adverse effects of Okolins?
The most common adverse effects of Okolins are gastrointestinal disturbances, including diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.
What are some less common but serious adverse effects of Okolins?
Less common but serious adverse effects include erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
How do you reconstitute Okolins for intramuscular injection?
For intramuscular injection, add 3 mL of water for injection and shake gently.
How do you reconstitute Okolins for intravenous injection?
For intravenous injection, add 8 mL of water for injection and shake gently.
How long is the reconstituted solution stable?
The reconstituted solution must be used within one hour after reconstitution.
What should you do with any remaining portion of the reconstituted solution?
Discard any remaining portion of the reconstituted solution.
What is the recommended storage temperature for Okolins?
Okolins should be stored at temperatures not exceeding 30°C.
Who should not take Okolins?
Okolins should not be given to patients who are hypersensitive to cefuroxime or other cephalosporins.
Who should take Okolins with caution?
Okolins should be given with caution to patients with a known history of allergy and to patients with renal impairment.
What are the different presentations of Okolins?
Okolins is available in a 750 mg vial.
Who is the manufacturer and distributor of Okolins?
Okolins is manufactured by REYOUNG PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD. in China and distributed by Anhui Medipharm Co., Ltd. in China.
Where can I learn more about Okolins?
You can find more information about Okolins by contacting the manufacturer or distributor, or by consulting your doctor or pharmacist.